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1 reduce
reduce [rɪˈdju:s]• "reduce speed now" « ralentir »* * *[rɪ'djuːs], US [-'duːs] 1.transitive verb1) ( make smaller) réduire [inflation, number, pressure, impact] (by de); baisser [prices, temperature]; Medicine résorber [swelling]; faire baisser [fever]the jackets have been reduced by 50% — Commerce le prix des vestes a été réduit de 50%
‘reduce speed now’ — Automobile ‘ralentir’
2) ( in scale) réduire [map, article]3) ( alter the state of)4) ( simplify) réduire [argument, equation, existence]5) Law réduire [sentence]6) Culinary faire réduire [sauce, stock]2.intransitive verb Culinary [sauce] réduire3.reduced past participle adjective réduitin reduced circumstances — sout dans la gêne
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2 powder
1. noun1) Pulver, das2) (cosmetic) Puder, der2. transitive verb1) pudernI'll just go and powder my nose — (euphem.) ich muss [nur] mal verschwinden (ugs. verhüll.)
2) (reduce to powder) pulverisieren; zu Pulver verarbeiten [Milch, Eier]powdered milk — Milchpulver, das; Trockenmilch, die
* * *1. noun1) (any substance in the form of fine particles: soap powder; milk-powder.) das Pulver2) (a special kind of substance in this form, used as a cosmetic etc: face-powder; talcum powder.) der Puder3) (formerly, gunpowder: powder and shot.) das Pulver2. verb- academic.ru/90340/powdered">powdered- powdery
- powder puff
- powder room* * *pow·der[ˈpaʊdəʳ, AM -ɚ]I. nbaking \powder Backpulver ntcurry \powder Currypulver ntdust the face lightly with \powder pudern Sie sich ganz leicht das Gesichtto cover oneself with talcum \powder sich dat den Körper pudernloose \powder loser Puderbiological \powder Biowaschmittel ntII. vt▪ to \powder sth/sb/oneself etw/jdn/sich pudern\powdered with snow mit Puderzucker [o ÖSTERR Staubzucker] bestäubt\powder with dandruff mit Schuppen übersätwould you get me another drink while I go and \powder my nose? würdest du mir noch einen Drink bestellen, während ich mal kurz verschwinde? fam* * *['paʊdə(r)]1. nPulver nt; (= face, talcum powder etc) Puder m; (= dust) Staub mto grind sth to (a) powder — etw pulverig or zu Pulver mahlen
2. vt2) (= apply powder to) face, body, oneself pudernto powder one's nose (lit) — sich (dat) die Nase pudern; (euph) kurz verschwinden (euph)
3. vi(= crumble) (zu Staub) zerfallenthe cement had powdered away — der Mörtel war zu Staub zerfallen
* * *powder [ˈpaʊdə(r)]A snot be worth (the) powder and shot umg obs nicht der Mühe wert sein;2. (Gesichts- etc) Puder m, umg nB v/t1. pulverisieren:powdered sugar Puderzucker m2. (be-, über)pudern, einpudern:powder one’s nosea) sich die Nase pudern,b) euph mal kurz verschwinden3. ( with mit)a) bestäuben, bestreuenb) übersäen* * *1. noun1) Pulver, das2) (cosmetic) Puder, der2. transitive verb1) pudernI'll just go and powder my nose — (euphem.) ich muss [nur] mal verschwinden (ugs. verhüll.)
2) (reduce to powder) pulverisieren; zu Pulver verarbeiten [Milch, Eier]powdered milk — Milchpulver, das; Trockenmilch, die
* * *n.Pulver - n.Staub nur sing. m. v.pudern v. -
3 reduce
[rɪ'djuːs] transitive verb1) (diminish) senken [Preis, Gebühr, Fieber, Aufwendungen, Blutdruck usw.]; verbilligen [Ware]; reduzieren [Geschwindigkeit, Gewicht, Anzahl, Menge, Preis]2)reduce to despair/silence/tears — in Verzweiflung stürzen/verstummen lassen/zum Weinen bringen
reduce somebody to begging — jemanden an den Bettelstab bringen
* * *[rə'dju:s]2) (to lose weight by dieting: I must reduce to get into that dress.) abnehmen3) (to drive, or put, into a particular (bad) state: The bombs reduced the city to ruins; She was so angry, she was almost reduced to tears; During the famine, many people were reduced to eating grass and leaves.) verwandeln, zwingen•- academic.ru/60974/reducible">reducible- reduction* * *re·duceI. vt1. (make less)▪ to \reduce sth etw verringern [o reduzieren]we must \reduce expenditures by 10% in the second quarter wir müssen die Ausgaben im zweiten Quartal um 10 % reduzierenthe television was \reduced from £500 to £350 in the sales der Fernseher war von 500 auf 350 Pfund heruntergesetztmy wage has been \reduced to £160 mein Lohn wurde auf 160 Pfund gekürztthe judge \reduced his sentence to 1 year in jail der Richter setzte sein Strafmaß auf 1 Jahr Gefängnis herabto \reduce sb's authority/duties/responsibilities jds Autorität/Aufgaben/Verantwortlichkeiten einschränken; price etw heruntersetzenafter the scandal, the officer was \reduced in rank nach dem Skandal wurde der Offizier degradiertto \reduce a backlog einen Rückstand aufholento \reduce speed/velocity die Geschwindigkeit verringernto \reduce taxes Steuern senkento \reduce wages Löhne kürzento \reduce a drawing/photo eine Zeichnung/ein Foto verkleinernto \reduce liquids/a sauce Flüssigkeiten/eine Soße einkochen lassen\reduce the sauce to [or by] half over a medium flame die Soße bis zur halben Menge bei mittlerer Hitze einkochen lassen3. (bring down)Allied bombing \reduced the city to ruins alliierte Bombenangriffe legten die Stadt in Schutt und Aschewhen he lost his job, they were \reduced to begging help from his parents als er seine Arbeit verlor, waren sie gezwungen, seine Eltern um Hilfe zu bittento \reduce sb to obedience/submission jdn zum Gehorsam/zur Unterwerfung bringento \reduce sb to the ranks MIL jdn [in den Mannschaftsdienstgrad] degradierento \reduce sb to tears jdn zum Weinen bringento \reduce a dislocated arm/joint einen ausgekugelten Arm/ein Gelenk einrenkenII. vi AM abnehmento be reducing eine Diät machen* * *[rɪ'djuːs]1. vt1) pressure, weight, swelling, risk, chances verringern, reduzieren; speed reduzieren, verlangsamen; authority schwächen; (= lower) standards, temperatures herabsetzen, reduzieren; prices ermäßigen, herabsetzen, reduzieren; taxes, costs senken; expenses, wages kürzen; value mindern; (= shorten) verkürzen; (in size) width, staff, drawing, photo verkleinern, reduzieren; scale of operations einschränken; output drosseln, reduzieren; (COOK) sauce einkochen lassento reduce one's weight —
"reduce speed now" (Mot) —
the facts may all be reduced to four main headings — die Tatsachen können alle auf vier Hauptpunkte reduziert werden
to reduce an argument to a matter of principle — aus einem Argument eine Frage des Prinzips machen
it has been reduced to a mere... — es ist jetzt nur noch ein...
to reduce sb to silence/despair/tears — jdn zum Schweigen/zur Verzweiflung/zum Weinen bringen
to reduce sb to begging/to slavery — jdn zum Betteln/zur Sklaverei zwingen
are we reduced to this! —
2. vi(esp US: slim) abnehmen* * *A v/t1. herabsetzen, vermindern, -ringern, reduzieren ( alle:by um;to auf akk):reduce speed langsamer fahren;reduce one’s weight (by five kilos) (fünf Kilo) abnehmen;sell at reduced prices zu herabgesetzten Preisen verkaufen;at a reduced fare zu ermäßigtem Fahrpreis3. (im Rang, Wert etc) herabsetzen, -mindern, erniedrigenreduce to the rank of zum … degradieren5. schwächen, erschöpfenreduce to a heap of rubble in einen Schutthaufen verwandeln;reduced to a skeleton zum Skelett abgemagert;8. bringen (to zu, in akk):reduce to a system in ein System bringen;reduce to rules in Regeln fassen;reduce to order in Ordnung bringen;reduce to writing schriftlich niederlegen;reduce theories into practice Theorien in die Praxis umsetzen9. zurückführen, reduzieren ( beide:to auf akk):reduce to absurdity ad absurdum führen10. zerlegen (to in akk)11. einteilen (to in akk)12. anpassen (to dat oder an akk)13. CHEM, MATH reduzieren:reduce an equation eine Gleichung auflösen;14. verkleinern:reduced scale verkleinerter Maßstab;on a reduced scale in verkleinertem Maßstab16. zwingen ( to obedience zum Gehorsam), bringen ( to despair zur Verzweiflung; to silence zum Schweigen):he was reduced to selling his house er war gezwungen, sein Haus zu verkaufen;be reduced to tears zu Tränen gerührt sein17. obs unterwerfen, besiegen, erobern18. beschränken (to auf akk)19. Farben etc verdünnen20. FOTO ein Negativ etc abschwächen22. MED einrenken, (wieder) einrichten23. GASTR eine Soße etc reduzieren, einkochen lassenB v/i1. besonders US (an Gewicht) abnehmen:be reducing eine Schlankheits- oder Abmagerungskur machen2. BIOL sich unter Chromosomenreduktion teilen* * *[rɪ'djuːs] transitive verb1) (diminish) senken [Preis, Gebühr, Fieber, Aufwendungen, Blutdruck usw.]; verbilligen [Ware]; reduzieren [Geschwindigkeit, Gewicht, Anzahl, Menge, Preis]2)reduce to despair/silence/tears — in Verzweiflung stürzen/verstummen lassen/zum Weinen bringen
* * *v.ermäßigen v.herabsetzen v.reduzieren v.verkleinern v.vermindern v.verringern v. -
4 reduce to
phr.v.1.reduce sb to tears расплакува некого; reduce sb to silence замолчува некого; reduce sb to begging/slavery прави просјак/роб од некого; сведува некого на просење/ропство; be reduced to begging принуден е да проси; reduce sb to submission покорува некого2. reduce sth (from sth) to sth упростува/скратува нешто (од нешто) на нешто: The report can be reduced to three main points Извештајот може да се скрати на три главни точки3. reduce sth to rubble/ashes/pieces/powder прав и пепел прави нешто4. reduce sb to the ranks деградира (офицер) во обичен војник5. math. скратува;подведува, сведува; reduce fractions to a common denominator math. сведува дропки на заеднички именител.; 6. reduce to writing lawпредава во писмена форма -
5 powder
1. noun1) (any substance in the form of fine particles: soap powder; milk-powder.) polvo2) (a special kind of substance in this form, used as a cosmetic etc: face-powder; talcum powder.) polvos3) (formerly, gunpowder: powder and shot.) pólvora
2. verb(to put powder on (one's face or body): She powdered her nose.) empolvar- powdered- powdery
- powder puff
- powder room
powder n polvotr['paʊdəSMALLr/SMALL]1 (put powder on) poner polvos, empolvar2 (pulverize) pulverizar, reducir a polvo\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto powder one's nose euphemistic use lavarse las manospowder compact polverapowder keg polvorín nombre masculinopowder puff borlapowder room lavabo de señoras, tocador nombre masculinopowder ['paʊdər] vt1) : empolvarto powder one's face: empolvarse la cara2) pulverize: pulverizarpowder n: polvo m, polvos mpln.• harina s.f.• polvo s.m.• pólvora s.f.v.• empolvar v.• polvorear v.• pulverizar v.
I 'paʊdər, 'paʊdə(r)mass noun1) polvo m; (before n)2) ( face powder) polvo m or polvos mpl (de tocador); (before n)powder puff — borla f, cisne m (RPl)
II
1) ( cover) empolvarto powder one's nose — retocarse* el maquillaje
2)a) (grind, pulverize) pulverizar*b) powdered past p <milk/eggs> en polvo['paʊdǝ(r)]powdered sugar — (AmE) azúcar m or f glas, azúcar m or f flor (Chi), azúcar m or f impalpable (RPl), azúcar m or f en polvo (Col)
1.- keep one's powder dry2. VT1) (=reduce to powder) pulverizar, reducir a polvo2) (=dust) (with face powder, talcum powder) empolvar; (Culin) (with flour, icing sugar) espolvorear ( with de)to powder one's nose — (lit) empolvarse la nariz; euph ir al baño
3.VI pulverizarse, hacerse polvo4.CPDpowder blue N — azul m pálido
powder blush N, powder blusher N — colorete m en polvo
powder compact N — polvera f
powder horn N — chifle m, cuerno m de pólvora
powder keg N — barril m de pólvora
powder magazine N — santabárbara f
powder puff N — borla f
powder room N — tocador m, aseos mpl (de señora)
* * *
I ['paʊdər, 'paʊdə(r)]mass noun1) polvo m; (before n)2) ( face powder) polvo m or polvos mpl (de tocador); (before n)powder puff — borla f, cisne m (RPl)
II
1) ( cover) empolvarto powder one's nose — retocarse* el maquillaje
2)a) (grind, pulverize) pulverizar*b) powdered past p <milk/eggs> en polvopowdered sugar — (AmE) azúcar m or f glas, azúcar m or f flor (Chi), azúcar m or f impalpable (RPl), azúcar m or f en polvo (Col)
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6 réduire
réduire [ʀedyiʀ]➭ TABLE 381. transitive verb( = diminuer) to reduce ; [+ texte] to shorten• réduire à sa plus simple expression [+ mobilier, repas] to reduce to the absolute minimum• réduire qch en miettes/en morceaux to smash sth to tiny pieces/to pieces2. intransitive verb[sauce] to reduce• faire or laisser réduire la sauce cook the sauce to reduce it3. reflexive verb* * *ʀedɥiʀ
1.
1) ( diminuer) to reduceréduire un article de 3% — to reduce an article by 3%
réduire quelque chose en taille — to make something smaller, to reduce the size of something
2) ( en reproduisant) to reduce [photographie]; to scale down [dessin]; ( en faisant des coupures) to cut [texte]3) ( transformer)être réduit en cendres — lit [ville] to be reduced to ashes; fig [espoirs, rêves] to turn to ashes
être réduit à rien or à néant — [efforts, travail, fortune] to be wiped out
4) ( en simplifiant)5) ( obliger)6) ( vaincre) to subdue [ennemi]; to silence [opposition]; to crush [émeute]7) Culinaire, Chimie to reduce [composé, sauce]8) Mathématique to reduce [fraction]
2.
verbe intransitif Culinaire [sauce] to reduce; [épinards] to shrink
3.
se réduire verbe pronominal1) ( diminuer) [coûts] to be reduced ou cut; [délais] to be reduced ou shortened; [importations] to be cut; [écart] to narrow2) ( consister seulement en)* * *ʀedɥiʀ vt1) (= diminuer) [pression, température] to lower, [prix, dépenses] to cut, to reduceIl faut réduire la pression interne à un niveau acceptable. — The internal pressure should be lowered to an acceptable level.
Ils ont réduit leurs prix. — They've cut their prices.
Il a réduit de moitié ses dépenses. — He has cut his spending by half.
2)L'explosion avait réduit l'immeuble à un tas de décombres. — The explosion had reduced the building to a pile of debris.
réduire en cendres — to reduce to ashes, to burn to ashes
Ce superbe tableau à été réduit en cendres. — This superb painting was burnt to ashes.
3)les circonstances qui l'avaient réduit à mendier; les circonstances qui l'avaient réduit à la mendicité — the circumstances that had reduced him to begging
4) CUISINE to reduce5) MATHÉMATIQUE to reduce6) [carte] to scale down, to reduce7) MÉDECINE, [fracture] to set* * *réduire verb table: conduireA vtr1 ( diminuer) to reduce [impôt, coût, vitesse, distance, stocks, inégalités]; to reduce, to cut [dépenses]; to reduce, to shorten [délai, durée]; to reduce, to lessen [chances, risques]; to reduce, to limit [choix]; to reduce, to bring down [chômage]; to limit [influence]; réduire le personnel to cut (down on) staff; réduire un article de 3% to reduce ou cut the price of an article by 3%; réduire d'un quart to reduce by a quarter; réduire qch de peu/de beaucoup to reduce sth slightly/greatly; réduire qch au minimum to reduce sth to a minimum; réduire les subventions de moitié to cut subsidies by half; réduire qch en taille/en longueur to make sth smaller/shorter, to reduce the size/length of sth; les jeans sont réduits de 20% jeans are reduced by 20%; réduire le nombre de succursales to cut down the number of branches; je dois réduire mes dépenses I must cut down on my spending; réduire l'écart entre to narrow the gap between;2 ( en reproduisant) to reduce [photographie, document]; to scale down [dessin]; ( en faisant des coupures) to cut [texte];3 ( transformer) réduire qch en poudre to crush sth to powder; réduire qch en bouillie to reduce sth to a pulp; réduire le blé en farine to grind wheat into flour; être réduit en cendres lit [bâtiment, ville] to be reduced to ashes; fig [espoirs, rêves] to turn to ashes; être réduit à rien ou à néant [efforts, travail, fortune] to be wiped out;4 ( en simplifiant) réduire qch à to reduce sth to; réduire un problème à l'essentiel to reduce a problem to its bare essentials; vous avez tort de réduire ce conflit à… it is wrong to consider this conflict as no more than…;5 ( obliger) réduire qn à qch to reduce sb to sth; réduire qn au silence to reduce sb to silence; réduire qn à la mendicité to reduce sb to begging; en être réduit à se taire/mendier to be reduced to silence/begging; voilà à quoi j'en suis réduit! this is what I've been reduced to!; réduire un peuple en esclavage to reduce a nation to slavery;6 ( vaincre) to subdue [ennemi, tribu]; to silence [opposition]; to crush [émeute, mouvement de résistance];9 Math to reduce [fraction]; réduire des fractions au même dénominateur to reduce fractions to a common denominator.B vi Culin [sauce, sirop] to reduce; [champignons, épinards] to shrink; faites réduire le mélange allow the mixture to reduce; les champignons réduisent à la cuisson mushrooms shrink when cooked.C se réduire vpr1 ( diminuer) [coûts] to be reduced ou cut; [délais] to be reduced ou shortened; [importations] to be cut; l'écart se réduit the gap is narrowing;2 ( consister seulement en) se réduire à to consist merely of; leur contribution se réduit à quelques sacs de blé their contribution consists merely of a few sacks of wheat; cela se réduit à bien peu de chose it doesn't amount to very much;3 ( se restreindre) se réduire dans ses dépenses to cut down on one's spending.[redɥir] verbe transitif1. [restreindre - consommation] to reduce, to cut down on ; [ - inflation] to reduce, to bring down (separable), to lower ; [ - dépenses, effectifs] to reduce, to cut back on ; [ - distance] to reduce, to decrease ; [ - chauffage] to lower, to turn down (separable)il a réduit le prix de 10 % he cut ou reduced the price by 10%réduire quelque chose de moitié to cut something by half, to halve something3. [changer]réduire quelque chose à néant: il a réussi à réduire à néant le travail de dix années he managed to reduce ten years' work to nothing4. [forcer]réduire la presse/l'opposition au silence to silence the press/the oppositionréduire quelqu'un à faire to force ou to compel ou to drive somebody to do————————[redɥir] verbe intransitif————————se réduire verbe pronominal intransitif[économiser] to cut down————————se réduire à verbe pronominal plus préposition[consister en] to amount to -
7 polvere
f dust( sostanza polverizzata) powdercaffè m in polvere instant coffeelatte m in polvere powdered milk* * *polvere s.f.1 dust: polvere di carbone, coal dust; una nuvola di polvere, a cloud of dust; tempesta di polvere, dust storm; strada, stanza piena di polvere, dusty street, room; libri pieni di polvere, books covered with dust; l'automobile sollevò molta polvere, the car raised a lot of dust; c'è un dito di polvere sulla scrivania, the desk is thick in dust; levar, togliere, fare la polvere, to dust; gettar polvere negli occhi a qlcu., (anche fig.) to throw dust in s.o.'s eyes // mangiare la polvere, ( respirarla) to breathe in dust, (fig.) ( umiliarsi) to eat humble pie; far mangiare la polvere a qlcu., (fig.) ( superarlo) to make s.o. bite the dust // mordere la polvere, (fig.) to bite the dust // scuotere la polvere di dosso a qlcu., (fig. iron.) ( bastonarlo) to thrash s.o.; scuotersi di dosso la polvere, (fig.) (liberarsi di fastidi, persone) to shake off troubles, people2 ( sostanza polverulenta) powder: polvere dentifricia, tooth powder; polvere di smeriglio, emery powder; polvere di talco, talcum powder; polvere d'oro, gold powder // (chim.): polvere da sbianca, bleaching powder; polvere di Seidlitz, Seidlitz powder // polvere da sparo, pirica, ( esplosivo) gunpowder; polvere senza fumo, smokeless powder // in polvere, powdered (o in powder form); caffè in polvere, ground coffee; latte, cacao, zucchero in polvere, powdered milk, cocoa, sugar; sapone in polvere, soap powder; medicina in polvere, medicine in powder; ridurre in polvere, to pulverize, (fig.) to crush (o to pulverize) // innescare le polveri, to prime powder // tenere asciutte le polveri, (anche fig.) to keep one's powder dry; avere le polveri bagnate, to have one's powder wet, (fig.) ( non poter sfruttare le proprie capacità) to be stymied (o thwarted) // dar fuoco alle polveri, (fig.) ( provocare una rivolta) to spark off a rebellion.* * *['polvere]sostantivo femminile1) dusttogliere la polvere — to dust, to do the dusting
coperto di polvere — thick o covered with dust
2) (di sostanza, materiale) powder, dustpolvere di gesso, carbone — chalk, coal dust
in polvere — in powder form, powdered
cacao, lievito in polvere — cocoa, baking powder
detersivo in polvere — washing o soap powder; (per superfici) scouring powder
ridurre qcs. in polvere — to crush o reduce sth. to a powder
•polvere bianca — = cocaine, heroin
••gettare polvere negli occhi a qcn. — to throw dust in sb.'s eyes
* * *polvere/'polvere/sostantivo f.1 dust; togliere la polvere to dust, to do the dusting; coperto di polvere thick o covered with dust; prendere polvere to gather dust; alzare polvere to raise (a cloud of) dust2 (di sostanza, materiale) powder, dust; polvere insetticida insect powder; polvere di gesso, carbone chalk, coal dust; in polvere in powder form, powdered; latte in polvere powdered milk; cacao, lievito in polvere cocoa, baking powder; detersivo in polvere washing o soap powder; (per superfici) scouring powder; ridurre qcs. in polvere to crush o reduce sth. to a powderdare fuoco alle -i to bring things to a head; gettare polvere negli occhi a qcn. to throw dust in sb.'s eyes; mordere la polvere to bite the dust\ -
8 ridurre qcs. in polvere
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9 ridurre
reduce (a to)prezzi, sprechi reduce, cutpersonale reduce, cut backridurre al silenzio reduce to silenceinformation technology ridurre a icona minimize* * *ridurre v.tr.1 to reduce, to cut* (down); to curtail; to shorten: ridurre il personale, to cut (down) (o to reduce) the staff; ridurre il prezzo di un articolo, to reduce (o to lower o to bring down) the price of an article; ridurre le spese, lo stipendio, to reduce expenses, wages; ridurre una vacanza, to curtail (o to cut short) a holiday; ridurre la velocità, to reduce speed; (econ.) ridurre il capitale, to reduce capital; ridurre il tasso di sconto, to reduce the discount rate; stiamo cercando di ridurre i tempi, we are trying to shorten (o cut) the time // ridurre un'opera letteraria, to abridge a literary work // (mar.) ridurre la velatura, to shorten (o to take in) sail2 ( convertire) to convert, to reduce, to change; ( far diventare) to turn into: ogni volta che vengono gli amici mi riducono la casa un porcile, every time my friends come they turn the house into a pigsty; l'hotel Cavour è stato ridotto in appartamenti l'anno scorso, last year the Hotel Cavour was converted into flats // prima riduci quei dati in metri, first convert those data into metres; ridurre in pezzi, to break into pieces; ridurre in polvere, to turn to dust, to pulverize; ridurre qlco. in briciole, to crumble sthg. up3 ( adattare) to adapt: (cinem.) ridurre per lo schermo, to adapt for the screen; ridurre un testo per le scuole, to adapt (o to simplify) a text for schools4 (chim.) to reduce: ridurre lo stato di ossidazione di un atomo, to reduce the oxidation state of an atom; ridurre nitrogruppi ad aminogruppi, to reduce nitro groups to amino groups; (metall.) ridurre un minerale di rame a rame metallico, to reduce a copper ore to metallic ore5 to reduce: (mat.) ridurre una frazione ai minimi termini, to reduce a fraction to its lowest terms6 (indurre, portare a) to drive*, to reduce; to bring*: ridurre alla disperazione, to drive to despair; ridurre in miseria, al silenzio, to reduce to poverty, to silence; ridurre qlcu. all'obbedienza, to force s.o. to obedience; ridurre in rovina, in fin di vita, to bring to ruin, to the brink of death; fu ridotto a rubare, a mendicare, he was reduced (o driven) to steal, to beg; lo ridurranno alla pazzia, pazzo, they'll drive him mad // la malattia l'ha ridotto male, the illness has left him in a sorry state (o in a bad way); nell'incidente ha ridotto a, in pezzi l'auto, he made a wreck of his car in the accident7 (un abito ecc.) to take* in (a dress)8 (frattura ecc.) to set*; to reduce: ridurre una frattura, to set a broken bone9 (rar.) ( ricondurre) to bring* back, to take* back: ridurre il gregge all'ovile, to bring back the sheep to the fold // ridurre qlcu. alla ragione, to make s.o. see reason.◘ ridursi v.intr.pron.1 to reduce oneself, to come* (down): non volevo ridurmi a questo, I didn't want to come to this; si ridusse a vendere i suoi mobili, he was reduced (o driven) to selling his furniture; le spese si riducono a poco, the expenses come (down) to very little; si riduce sempre all'ultimo a fare le valigie, he always leaves it to the last minute to pack; ridurre allo stretto necessario, to confine oneself to what is strictly necessary2 ( diminuire) to diminish, to decrease; (econ.) ( calcolare) to go* down, to drop: le possibilità di successo si sono ridotte, the possibilities of success have diminished (o decreased); i prezzi si sono ridotti, prices have gone down3 ( diventare) to be reduced, to become*: si è ridotto a pelle e ossa, he was reduced to (o became) skin and bone (o to a skeleton)* * *1. [ri'durre]vb irreg vt1) (gen) Mat to reduce, (prezzo) to reduce, cut, bring down, (pressione) to lessen, (produzione) to cut (back), lower, (spese) to cut down on, cut back on2) (opera letteraria: per la radio, TV) to adapt, (accorciare) to abridge, (brano musicale) to arrange3)ridurre qc in cenere — to reduce sth to ashesè proprio ridotto male o mal ridotto — (oggetto) it's really in bad condition, (persona) he's really in a bad way
2.ridursi vip
1)ridursi (a) — to be reduced (to), (fig : questione, problema) to come down (to)2)ridursi male — to be in a bad state o way* * *[ri'durre] 1.verbo transitivo1) (diminuire) to reduce, to cut* [imposte, spese, costi, personale]; to reduce [dimensioni, velocità, distanza]; to reduce, to shorten [ durata]; to narrow [ divario]; to reduce, to lessen [rischi, probabilità]; to reduce, to bring* down [ disoccupazione]; to reduce, to limit [scelta, influenza]ridurre l'inflazione dell'1% — to cut 1% off inflation
2) (nelle dimensioni) to reduce [foto, documento]; to cut*, to abridge [ testo]3) (trasformare) to reduce (in to)ridurre qcs. in polvere — to reduce o crush sth. to (a) powder
ridurre qcs. a brandelli — to tear sth. to ribbons o shreds
4) (obbligare)ridurre qcn. al silenzio, in miseria — to reduce sb. to silence, to begging
5) med. to reset* [ osso fratturato]2.verbo pronominale ridursi1) (diminuire) [costi, ritardo] to be* reduced; [rischi, spese, velocità, disoccupazione, livello] to decrease; [ divario] to narrow, to close2) (limitarsi)3) (diventare)••* * *ridurre/ri'durre/ [13]1 (diminuire) to reduce, to cut* [imposte, spese, costi, personale]; to reduce [dimensioni, velocità, distanza]; to reduce, to shorten [ durata]; to narrow [ divario]; to reduce, to lessen [rischi, probabilità]; to reduce, to bring* down [ disoccupazione]; to reduce, to limit [scelta, influenza]; ridurre il consumo di alcolici to cut down on alcohol; ridurre l'inflazione dell'1% to cut 1% off inflation; ridurre di un quarto to reduce by a quarter2 (nelle dimensioni) to reduce [foto, documento]; to cut*, to abridge [ testo]3 (trasformare) to reduce (in to); ridurre qcs. in polvere to reduce o crush sth. to (a) powder; ridurre qcs. a brandelli to tear sth. to ribbons o shreds4 (obbligare) ridurre qcn. al silenzio, in miseria to reduce sb. to silence, to begging5 med. to reset* [ osso fratturato]II ridursi verbo pronominale1 (diminuire) [costi, ritardo] to be* reduced; [rischi, spese, velocità, disoccupazione, livello] to decrease; [ divario] to narrow, to close2 (limitarsi) tutto si riduce al fatto che it all comes down to the fact that3 (diventare) la sua voce si ridusse a un sussurro his voice dropped to a whisper; la strada si riduceva a un sentiero the road narrowed to a track- rsi all'ultimo (momento) to leave things to the last minute. -
10 grind
1. transitive verb,1) (reduce to small particles)grind [up] — zermahlen; pulverisieren [Metall]; mahlen [Kaffee, Pfeffer, Getreide]
2) (sharpen) schleifen [Schere, Messer]; schärfen [Klinge]; (smooth, shape) schleifen [Linse, Edelstein]3) (rub harshly) zerquetschengrind one's teeth — mit den Zähnen knirschen
4) (produce by grinding) mahlen [Mehl]2. intransitive verb,3. noungrind to a halt, come to a grinding halt — [Fahrzeug:] quietschend zum Stehen kommen; (fig.) [Verkehr:] zum Erliegen kommen; [Maschine:] stehen bleiben; [Projekt:] sich festfahren
Plackerei, die (ugs.)the daily grind — (coll.) der alltägliche Trott
Phrasal Verbs:- academic.ru/87578/grind_away">grind away* * *1. past tense, past participle - ground; verb1) (to crush into powder or small pieces: This machine grinds coffee.) mahlen2) (to rub together, usually producing an unpleasant noise: He grinds his teeth.) knirschen3) (to rub into or against something else: He ground his heel into the earth.) bohren2. noun(boring hard work: Learning vocabulary is a bit of a grind.) die Schinderei- grinder- grinding
- grindstone
- grind down
- grind up
- keep someone's nose to the grindstone
- keep one's nose to the grindstone* * *[graɪnd]I. nthe daily \grind der tägliche Trottto be a real \grind sehr mühsam seinII. vt<ground, ground>1. (crush)▪ to \grind sth coffee, pepper etw mahlenfreshly ground coffee frisch gemahlener Kaffeeto \grind sth [in]to flour/a powder etw fein zermahlento \grind meat AM, AUS Fleisch fein hackento \grind one's teeth mit den Zähnen knirschen2. (press firmly)Sara ground her cigarette into the ashtray Sara drückte ihre Zigarette im Aschenbecher aus3. (sharpen)▪ to \grind sth etw schleifen [o schärfen] [o wetzen4.III. vi<ground, ground>to \grind to a halt car, machine [quietschend] zum Stehen kommen; production stocken; negotiations sich akk festfahren▶ the mills of God \grind slowly [but they \grind exceeding small] ( prov) Gottes Mühlen mahlen langsam [aber trefflich fein] prov* * *[graɪnd] vb: pret, ptp ground1. vtto grind sth to a powder — etw fein zermahlen/zerstoßen
3) (= turn) handle, barrel organ drehento grind one's heel into the earth — den Absatz in die Erde bohren
4)the tyrant ground the people into the dust — der Tyrann hat das Volk zu Tode geschunden
2. vi1) (mill) mahlen; (brakes, teeth, gears) knirschenthe metal ground against the stone —
the ship ground against the rocks — das Schiff lief knirschend auf die Felsen auf
to grind to a halt or standstill (lit) — quietschend zum Stehen kommen; (fig) stocken; (production etc) zum Erliegen kommen; (negotiations)
3. nSee:→ bumpshe found housework a grind — sie empfand Hausarbeit als Plackerei (inf)
* * *grind [ɡraınd]A v/t prät und pperf ground [ɡraʊnd]1. Glas etc schleifen, Brillengläser etc einschleifen2. ein Messer etc schleifen, wetzen, schärfen:grind small (into dust) fein (zu Staub) zermahlen;grind with emery (ab)schmirgeln, glätten4. a) Kaffee, Korn etc mahlenb) Fleisch durchdrehen:grind meat auch Hackfleisch machen6. knirschend aneinanderreiben:grind one’s teeth mit den Zähnen knirschengrind the faces of the poor die Armen aussaugen8. einen Leierkasten drehen9. oft grind out ein Musikstück herunterspielen, einen Zeitungsartikel etc herunterschreiben, hinhauen10. grind out mühsam hervorbringen, ausstoßen12. some lorries were grinding their way up the long incline umg ein paar Lkws quälten sich die lange Steigung hochB v/i2. sich mahlen oder schleifen lassen3. knirschen:a) quietschend zum Stehen kommen,b) fig zum Erliegen kommen;the negotiations ground on for several months die Verhandlungen schleppten sich über mehrere Monate dahin4. umg sich abschinden, schuftenfor für):grind at English Englisch paukenC s1. Knirschen n2. umg Schinderei f, Schufterei f:the daily grind der Alltagstrott3. SCHULE umga) Pauken n, Büffeln n, Ochsen nb) Pauker(in), Büffler(in)4. Br sl Nummer f sl (Geschlechtsverkehr):have a grind eine Nummer machen oder schieben* * *1. transitive verb,grind [up] — zermahlen; pulverisieren [Metall]; mahlen [Kaffee, Pfeffer, Getreide]
2) (sharpen) schleifen [Schere, Messer]; schärfen [Klinge]; (smooth, shape) schleifen [Linse, Edelstein]3) (rub harshly) zerquetschen4) (produce by grinding) mahlen [Mehl]5) (fig.): (oppress, harass) auspressen (fig.)2. intransitive verb,3. noungrind to a halt, come to a grinding halt — [Fahrzeug:] quietschend zum Stehen kommen; (fig.) [Verkehr:] zum Erliegen kommen; [Maschine:] stehen bleiben; [Projekt:] sich festfahren
Plackerei, die (ugs.)the daily grind — (coll.) der alltägliche Trott
Phrasal Verbs:* * *n.Plackerei f. v.(§ p.,p.p.: ground)= mahlen v.(§ p.,pp.: mahlte, gemahlen)reiben v.(§ p.,pp.: rieb, gerieben)schleifen v.wetzen v. -
11 poudre
poudre [pudʀ]feminine noun* * *pudʀ1) gén powder2) ( cosmétique) powder3) ( explosif)•Phrasal Verbs:••* * *pudʀ nf1) (= matière) powderlait en poudre — powdered milk, dried milk powder
2) (= fard) face powder, powder3) (= explosif) gunpowder* * *poudre nf1 gén powder; réduire qch en poudre to grind sth to a powder;2 Cosmét powder; se mettre de la poudre to put on powder; poudre libre/compacte loose/pressed powder;poudre à éternuer sneezing powder; poudre à laver washing powder; poudre à lever raising agent; poudre de perlimpinpin hum magical cure; poudre à récurer scouring powder; poudre de riz Cosmét rice powder.mettre le feu aux poudres to bring things to a head; jeter de la poudre aux yeux to try to impress; c'est de la poudre aux yeux it's all a front; se répandre comme une traînée de poudre to spread like wildfire.[pudr] nom féminin1. [aliment, médicament] powdermettre ou réduire quelque chose en poudre to reduce something to powder, to pulverize ou to powder something3. [cosmétique - pour le visage] (face) powder ; [ - pour une perruque] powderpoudre compacte/libre pressed/loose powder4. (locution)jeter de la poudre aux yeux à quelqu'un to try to dazzle ou to impress somebodypoudre de perlimpinpin [faux remède] quack remedy————————en poudre locution adjectivale[amandes, lait] powdered -
12 ASH
I noun1) (tree) Esche, die2) (wood) Eschenholz, dasII noun in sing. or pl.(powder) Asche, die* * *[æʃ](the dust etc that remains after anything is burnt: cigarette ash; the ashes of the bonfire.) die Asche- academic.ru/3889/ashen">ashen- ashes
- ashtray* * *ash1[æʃ]I. n2. (remains)the \ashes of Dresden Dresden nt nach dem Feuersturmthey didn't rescue much from the \ashes of their former home sie konnten nur wenig aus den Flammen rettento be in \ashes völlig zerstört seinto lay sth in \ashes etw in Schutt und Asche legento reduce a city to \ashes eine Stadt in Schutt und Asche legen\ashes to \ashes Erde zu Erde3. SPORT▪ the A\ashes pl eine Krickettrophäe in Form einer kleinen Urne, um die zwischen England und Australien gespielt wird4.▶ to rise [like a phoenix] from the \ashes wie Phönix aus der Asche auferstehen▶ sth turns to \ashes in one's mouth etw wird für jdn zur großen Enttäuschung▪ to \ash sth etw veraschenash2[æʃ]* * *I [ʃ]nEsche f IIn1) Asche fto reduce sth to ashes — etw total or völlig niederbrennen; (in war etc) etw in Schutt und Asche legen
to rise from the ashes (fig) — aus den Trümmern wiederauferstehen
See:3) (CRICKET)* * ** * *I noun1) (tree) Esche, die2) (wood) Eschenholz, dasII noun in sing. or pl.(powder) Asche, die* * *n.Asche -n f.Esche -n f. -
13 ash
I noun1) (tree) Esche, die2) (wood) Eschenholz, dasII noun in sing. or pl.(powder) Asche, die* * *[æʃ](the dust etc that remains after anything is burnt: cigarette ash; the ashes of the bonfire.) die Asche- academic.ru/3889/ashen">ashen- ashes
- ashtray* * *ash1[æʃ]I. n2. (remains)the \ashes of Dresden Dresden nt nach dem Feuersturmthey didn't rescue much from the \ashes of their former home sie konnten nur wenig aus den Flammen rettento be in \ashes völlig zerstört seinto lay sth in \ashes etw in Schutt und Asche legento reduce a city to \ashes eine Stadt in Schutt und Asche legen\ashes to \ashes Erde zu Erde3. SPORT▪ the A\ashes pl eine Krickettrophäe in Form einer kleinen Urne, um die zwischen England und Australien gespielt wird4.▶ to rise [like a phoenix] from the \ashes wie Phönix aus der Asche auferstehen▶ sth turns to \ashes in one's mouth etw wird für jdn zur großen Enttäuschung▪ to \ash sth etw veraschenash2[æʃ]* * *I [ʃ]nEsche f IIn1) Asche fto reduce sth to ashes — etw total or völlig niederbrennen; (in war etc) etw in Schutt und Asche legen
to rise from the ashes (fig) — aus den Trümmern wiederauferstehen
See:3) (CRICKET)* * *ash1 [æʃ]A s1. BOT Esche f2. Eschenholz nB adj → ashen1ash2 [æʃ] s2. GEOL Vulkanasche f3. Aschgrau n* * *I noun1) (tree) Esche, die2) (wood) Eschenholz, dasII noun in sing. or pl.(powder) Asche, die* * *n.Asche -n f.Esche -n f. -
14 crush
1. transitive verb1) (compress with violence) quetschen; auspressen [Trauben, Obst]; (kill, destroy) zerquetschen; zermalmen2) (reduce to powder) zerstampfen; zermahlen; zerstoßen [Gewürze, Tabletten]3) (fig.): (subdue, overwhelm) niederwerfen, niederschlagen [Aufstand]; vernichten [Feind]; zunichte machen [Hoffnungen]2. noun1) (crowded mass) Gedränge, dashave a crush on somebody — in jemanden verknallt sein (ugs.)
* * *1. verb1) (to squash by squeezing together etc: The car was crushed between the two trucks.) zerquetschen2) (to crease: That material crushes easily.) zerknittern3) (to defeat: He crushed the rebellion.) zerschmettern2. noun(squeezing or crowding together: There's always a crush in the supermarket on Saturdays.) das Gedränge- academic.ru/17582/crushing">crushing* * *[krʌʃ]I. vt1. (compress)▪ to \crush sth etw zusammendrücken; (causing serious damage) etw zerquetschen; MED [sich akk] etw quetschento \crush sb to death jdn zerquetschen2. (mash)▪ to \crush sth etw zerdrücken\crush the almonds into a fine powder die Mandeln fein mahlento \crush an apple einen Apfel fein zerkleinernto \crush a clove of garlic eine Knoblauchzehe zerdrückento \crush grapes Trauben zerstampfen3. (break into pieces)to \crush ice Eis zerstoßen4. (shock)▪ to \crush sb jdn [stark] erschütternhe was completely \crushed by the news die Nachricht hat ihn furchtbar getroffen5. (defeat)▪ to \crush sb/sth jdn/etw vernichten [o unschädlich machen]the army was determined to \crush all resistance die Armee war entschlossen, jeglichen Widerstand zu zerschlagento \crush hopes Hoffnungen zunichtemachento \crush an opponent einen Gegner [vernichtend] schlagento \crush a rebellion/riot eine Rebellion/einen Aufstand niederschlagenII. nto have a \crush on sb in jdn verknallt [o verschossen] sein famorange \crush Orangensaft m mit zerstoßenem Eis* * *[krʌʃ]1. n1) (= crowd) Gedrängel ntit'll be a bit of a crush — es wird ein bisschen eng werden
to have a crush on sb — für jdn schwärmen, in jdn verschossen sein (inf)
3) (= drink) Saftgetränk nt2. vt1) (= squeeze, press tightly) quetschen; (= damage) soft fruit etc zerdrücken, zerquetschen; finger, toes etc quetschen; (rock, car etc) sb zerquetschen; (= kill) zu Tode quetschen; (= grind, break up) spices, garlic (zer)stoßen; ice stoßen; ore, stone zerkleinern, zerstampfen; scrap metal, garbage zusammenpressen; (= crease) clothes, paper zerknittern, zerdrücken; (= screw up) paper zerknüllenI was crushed between two enormous men in the plane —
she crushed the child to her breast — sie drückte das Kind fest an die Brust
to crush sb into sth — jdn in etw (acc) quetschen
to crush sth into sth — etw in etw (acc) stopfen
2) (fig) enemy, hopes, self-confidence, sb vernichten; revolution, opposition niederschlagen; (= oppress) people, peasants unterdrückenshe crushed him with one glance — sie sah ihn vernichtend an, sie warf ihm einen vernichtenden Blick zu
3. vi1) (crowd) (sich) drängenthey crushed into the car — sie quetschten or drängten sich in das Auto
* * *crush [krʌʃ]A s1. (Zer)Quetschen n:2. (zermalmender) Druck3. Gedränge n, Gewühl n4. umg Party etc, auf der es eng zugeht5. besonders Br Getränk aus ausgepressten Früchten:6. umga) Schwarm mb) Schwärmerei f:have a crush on sb in jemanden verknallt oder verliebt seinB v/t1. zerquetschen, -malmen, -drücken:he was crushed to death er wurde zerquetscht oder erdrückt2. zerdrücken, -knittern3. quetschen, heftig drücken4. TECH zerkleinern, -mahlen, -stoßen, schroten, Erz etc brechen:crushed coke Brechkoks m;crushed stone Schotter m5. (hinein)quetschen, (-)pressen ( beide:into in akk)6. auspressen, -drücken, -quetschen ( alle:from aus):crush the juice from a lemon eine Zitrone auspressen7. figa) nieder-, zerschmettern, überwältigen, vernichten:b) einen Aufstand etc niederwerfen, unterdrückenC v/i1. zerquetscht oder zerdrückt werden2. zerbrechen4. (zer)knittern* * *1. transitive verb1) (compress with violence) quetschen; auspressen [Trauben, Obst]; (kill, destroy) zerquetschen; zermalmen2) (reduce to powder) zerstampfen; zermahlen; zerstoßen [Gewürze, Tabletten]3) (fig.): (subdue, overwhelm) niederwerfen, niederschlagen [Aufstand]; vernichten [Feind]; zunichte machen [Hoffnungen]4) (crumple, crease) zerknittern [Kleid, Stoff]; zerdrücken, verbeulen [Hut]2. noun1) (crowded mass) Gedränge, das* * *v.ausdrücken v.erdrücken v.vernichten v.zerdrücken v.zerquetschen v.zerstoßen v. -
15 zerkleinern
v/t reduce to small pieces, fragment; (zerschneiden) cut up small ( oder into small pieces); (zerhacken) chop (up); (Stein etc.) crush; (zermahlen) grind* * *to hackle* * *zer|klei|nern [tsɛɐ'klainɐn] ptp zerkleinertvtto cut up; (= zerhacken) to chop (up); (= zerbrechen) to break up; (= zermahlen) to crush* * *(to grind into powder or small pieces: This machine grinds up rocks.) grind up* * *zer·klei·nern *[tsɛɐ̯ˈklainɐn]vt▪ etw \zerkleinern to cut up sthHolz \zerkleinern to chop woodeine Zwiebel \zerkleinern to finely chop an onionPfefferkörner \zerkleinern to crush peppercorns* * *transitives Verb (zerhacken) chop up; (zerkauen) chew up < food>; (zermahlen) crush <rock etc.>* * *zerkleinern v/t reduce to small pieces, fragment; (zerschneiden) cut up small ( oder into small pieces); (zerhacken) chop (up); (Stein etc) crush; (zermahlen) grind* * *transitives Verb (zerhacken) chop up; (zerkauen) chew up < food>; (zermahlen) crush <rock etc.>* * *v.to hackle v.to reduce to small pieces expr. -
16 puch
m (G puchu) sgt 1. (pióra) down- puch gęsi/łabędzi goose down/swansdown- poduszka/kołdra z puchu a down pillow/quilt- kurtka ocieplana puchem a down jacket- miękki jak puch (as) soft as down2. (meszek) down- puch na policzkach/pod nosem down on sb’s cheeks/upper lip- sypał mu się puch pod nosem he was sprouting fine down on the upper lip- puch brzoskwiń down covering peaches- puch ostu thistledown- dookoła fruwał biały puch z topól down from poplar trees was floating around3. (śnieg) powdery snow 4. przen. wiśnie obsypane puchem kwiatów cherry trees in blossom■ kobieto! puchu marny! książk. woman, you fickle a. wayward creature!* * *-udown; ( miękka warstwa) fluff* * *mi1. (u ptaków, na twarzy, na roślinach) down; puch kielichowy bot. pappus; rozbić w puch reduce l. smash sth to matchwood, smash sth to smithereens.2. (= meszek) fluff.3. (= śnieg) powder snow.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > puch
См. также в других словарях:
ash — noun 1 powder that is left after sth has burned ADJECTIVE ▪ glowing, hot, red hot, smouldering/smoldering ▪ the glowing ashes of the dying fire ▪ cold ▪ … Collocations dictionary
measure — mea|sure1 W2S2 [ˈmeʒə US ər] v 1.) [T] to find the size, length, or amount of something, using standard units such as ↑inches, metres etc ▪ The rainfall was measured over a three month period. measure sb for sth (=measure someone in order to make … Dictionary of contemporary English